Active Passive

 Active and Passive Voice 

✅ 1. Simple Present Tense

Active: Subject + Verb (V1) + Object

Passive: Object + is/are + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: The teacher teaches the students.

Passive: The students are taught by the teacher.

✅ 2. Present Continuous Tense

Active: Subject + is/am/are + V1 + ing + Object

Passive: Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: She is reading a book.

Passive: A book is being read by her.

✅ 3. Present Perfect Tense

Active: Subject + has/have + V3 + Object

Passive: Object + has/have + been + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: They have completed the project.

Passive: The project has been completed by them.

✅ 4. Simple Past Tense

Active: Subject + V2 + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: The boy ate an apple.

Passive: An apple was eaten by the boy.

✅ 5. Past Continuous Tense

Active: Subject + was/were + V1 + ing + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + being + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: She was writing a letter.

Passive: A letter was being written by her.

✅ 6. Past Perfect Tense

Active: Subject + had + V3 + Object

Passive: Object + had + been + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: They had finished the work.

Passive: The work had been finished by them.

✅ 7. Simple Future Tense

Active: Subject + will + V1 + Object

Passive: Object + will be + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: She will write a letter.

Passive: A letter will be written by her.

✅ 8. Future Continuous Tense

Active: Subject + will be + V1 + ing + Object

Passive: Object + will be + being + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: They will be building a house.

Passive: A house will be being built by them.

 ⚡ (Note: Rarely used in passive)

✅ 9. Future Perfect Tense

Active: Subject + will have + V3 + Object

Passive: Object + will have been + V3 + by Subject

👉 Example:

Active: She will have completed the task.

Passive: The task will have been completed by her.

✅ 10. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Active: Subject + has/have been + V1 + ing + Object

Passive: (Not commonly used in passive voice)

 ⚡ Usually avoided, but can be expressed in special cases.

✅ 11. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Active: Subject + had been + V1 + ing + Object

Passive: (Not commonly used in passive voice)

 ⚡ Generally avoided.

✅ 12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Active: Subject + will have been + V1 + ing + Object

Passive: (Not commonly used in passive voice)

 ⚡ Generally avoided.

✅ Summary Table

Tense

Active Formula

Passive Formula

Example (Passive)

Simple Present

S + V1 + O

O + is/are + V3 + by S

The students are taught by the teacher.

Present Conti.

S + is/am/are + V1+ing + O

O + is/am/are + being + V3 + by S

A book is being read by her.

Present Perfect

S + has/have + V3 + O

O + has/have been + V3 + by S

The project has been completed by them.

Simple Past

S + V2 + O

O + was/were + V3 + by S

An apple was eaten by the boy.

Past Conti.

S + was/were + V1+ing + O

O + was/were + being + V3 + by S

A letter was being written by her.

Past Perfect

S + had + V3 + O

O + had been + V3 + by S

The work had been finished by them.

Simple Future

S + will + V1 + O

O + will be + V3 + by S

A letter will be written by her.

Future Conti.

S + will be + V1+ing + O

O + will be + being + V3 + by S

A house will be being built by them.

Future Perfect

S + will have + V3 + O

O + will have been + V3 + by S

The task will have been completed by her.

Present Perfect Conti.

(Not usually in Passive)

(Not used)

-

Pas

t Perfect Conti.

(Not usually in Passive)

(Not used)

-

Future Perfect Conti.

(Not usually in Passive)

(Not used)

-