Tenses

 ✅ 1. Present Simple Tense

Formula:

 Subject + V1 (base form) / V1+s/es (for he/she/it)

Indicating Words:

 Always, usually, every day, sometimes, never

Examples:

Assertive: She plays cricket.

Negative: She does not play cricket.

Exclamation: How well she plays cricket!

Question: Does she play cricket?

✅ 2. Present Continuous Tense

Formula:

 Subject + am/is/are + V1+ing

Indicating Words:

 Now, at present, currently, at this moment

Examples:

Assertive: They are playing football.

Negative: They are not playing football.

Exclamation: What a game they are playing!

Question: Are they playing football?

✅ 3. Present Perfect Tense

Formula:

 Subject + has/have + V3 (past participle)

Indicating Words:

 Just, already, ever, never, so far, till now

Examples:

Assertive: She has finished her homework.

Negative: She has not finished her homework.

Exclamation: How well she has finished her homework!

Question: Has she finished her homework?

✅ 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula:

 Subject + has/have + been + V1+ing

Indicating Words:

 Since, for, all day, how long

Examples:

Assertive: He has been reading a book.

Negative: He has not been reading a book.

Exclamation: How long he has been reading a book!

Question: Has he been reading a book?

✅ 5. Past Simple Tense

Formula:

 Subject + V2 (past form of verb)

Indicating Words:

 Yesterday, last night, ago, in 1990

Examples:

Assertive: She visited Paris.

Negative: She did not visit Paris.

Exclamation: What a beautiful place she visited!

Question: Did she visit Paris?

✅ 6. Past Continuous Tense

Formula:

 Subject + was/were + V1+ing

Indicating Words:

 While, when, at that time

Examples:

Assertive: I was watching TV.

Negative: I was not watching TV.

Exclamation: How interesting I was watching TV!

Question: Was I watching TV?

✅ 7. Past Perfect Tense

Formula:

 Subject + had + V3 (past participle)

Indicating Words:

 Before, after, by the time

Examples:

Assertive: They had left before I arrived.

Negative: They had not left before I arrived.

Exclamation: How quickly they had left!

Question: Had they left before you arrived?

✅ 8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula:

 Subject + had + been + V1+ing

Indicating Words:

 For, since, how long

Examples:

Assertive: He had been working all day.

Negative: He had not been working all day.

Exclamation: How long he had been working!

Question: Had he been working all day?

✅ 9. Future Simple Tense

Formula:

 Subject + will + V1 (base form)

Indicating Words:

 Tomorrow, next week, soon

Examples:

Assertive: I will go to the market.

Negative: I will not go to the market.

Exclamation: How soon I will go to the market!

Question: Will you go to the market?

✅ 10. Future Continuous Tense

Formula:

 Subject + will be + V1+ing

Indicating Words:

 At this time tomorrow, next week

Examples:

Assertive: They will be playing football.

Negative: They will not be playing football.

Exclamation: What a match they will be playing!

Question: Will they be playing football?

✅ 11. Future Perfect Tense

Formula:

 Subject + will have + V3 (past participle)

Indicating Words:

 By then, by that time, before

Examples:

Assertive: She will have completed the work.

Negative: She will not have completed the work.

Exclamation: How soon she will have completed the work!

Question: Will she have completed the work?

✅ 12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Formula:

 Subject + will have been + V1+ing

Indicating Words:

 For, since, by then

Examples:

Assertive: I will have been studying for 2 hours.

Negative: I will not have been studying for 2 hours.

Exclamation: How long I will have been studying!

Question: Will you have been studying for 2 hours?